Fowl Pens To Finish Up Making Chicken Farming Effective.ISA Browns,which are a kind of hybrid chickens can every single produce 280 eggs
Chicken or fowl pens to end up making poultry farming successful
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Category Archives: Poultry Farming
Overview of Poultry Industry in South Africa
In lines to the increase in the poultry production all over the world, poultry farming in South Africa has also shown a major growth in its poultry sector. Keeping in view the last 10 years, the estimated number of birds have increased to about 49 million. Presently, the total number of birds the poultry sector in the country has is more than 160 million. Out of these, nearly 80 % of the birds were brought to use in terms of meat production while the remaining ones had been used for egg production. These consumption patterns also offer an indication towards the consumption of meat in the country, which has been increasing since the inception of the sector. Moreover, it is also important to note here that South Africa is also a major poultry producer in the continent of Africa. In addition to this, the compounded growth seen in the broiler production domain has also increased for about 38 % over the span of the past 10 years in the poultry industry of South Africa.
Layer, Broiler and Egg Production
Due to increased import of poultry from the countries like Argentina, Brazil and some others, the prices have decreased dramatically. Furthermore, due to the decrease in the prices, the consumption of meat and eggs is now on the rise. The broiler industry of SA comes to provide more than 50 % of the proteins that are consumed all over the country. But in terms of the agricultural GDP, it accounts for only 1/4th the total. The earnings that are being generated through the sales of these products in the country include R32.7 Billion in terms of the farming level and about R54 Billion in the retail sector of egg and broiler consumption.
Famous Breeds in South Africa
There are a number of breeds that are being used in the poultry sector of South Africa. The famous breeds of the region include large soft feather, true bantams, large hard feather, bantam hard feather, geese, ducks and turkeys. Moreover, a number of breeds from other regions are also been exported into the country, in order to have a variety of breeds. The farmers and poultry producers prefer to keep the bantams only if they wish to accommodate a large number of birds in a small area. There are also a number of indigenous breeds of chicken that are utilized in SA including Venda, Naked Neck, Natal Game, Zulu and many more. The potential of egg production for these breeds has also been subject to some latest researches. In lines to their findings, the egg production is quite low in comparison to the famous chicken production breeds in the world.
Rural and Urban Production
Most of the farmers in the rural settings prefer to keep a small number of birds by making use of some extensive and semi-extensive mechanisms for poultry production in South Africa. One reason for this might be the little attention and funding the government does for the growth of the sector in the rural area. Most of the poultry farms in South Africa are located in urban areas. There are some poultry houses that are located in the rural areas, but still they are not enough in comparison to the ones found in the urban settings.
Problems in South African Poultry Industry
The sector indeed faces a lot of problems relating to disease control, lack of funding and problems related to sanitation. The one solution to this problem can be offered by the government which should now focus on the development of the sector. Keeping in view the role of the poultry sector in terms of the overall economy of the country, the government should endeavor in offering extensive production and health systems for the domesticated animals. The poultry producers in the country now demand a pro-growth system for large and small scale poultry production. Moreover, the need of a regulatory framework and some new price control policies are also needed. Below are the arrangements the government needs to make:
- Quota Policy for poultry association of South Africa
- Control on the imports and the pricing formula
- All forms of safeguards in terms of TDCA
- Tariff review teams for South Africa Poultry
- Resolution of all the trading patterns
- Equalized regulation of the rural and urban production sectors
- Prevention of the sale of the previously frozen meat
- Establishment of some public private dealings and partnerships
- Introduction of a new procurement system for the benefit of the new and old farmers
- Increase in the health facilities and medications produced for the sector
Quick View of Poultry Farming in 10 Developing Countries
Global poultry and trade of the poultry products has shown a major change in the past 40 years. Moreover, between the year 1970 and 2005 the poultry meat and levels of egg production had increased in a manner like never before. In other words, it can be asserted here that the trade of the poultry meat had increased in a much more agile way than the production itself. But here this increase has been marked for its imbalanced nature. It is because of the fact that in these times North America and Europe had lost their market shares, while China in addition to Brazil had managed to create a monopoly over the poultry production. The same applies to the developing countries which have also been a part of this rapid change. The time span in which most of the developing countries had surpassed the first world countries was from the year 1990 to 2010. In the present times, their contribution to the world poultry is about 55 % in terms of the meat and nearly 68 % in terms of the total egg production. The developing countries which are going to be of central focus here belong to the Asian and African continents.
In contrast to the production of duck and chicken meat, the developing countries in total are also in the lead in terms of the production of turkey. The highest levels of relative growth had been seen in the time period mentioned above, but still they are also going pretty strong. But there are some problems there are still in road to ultimate domination of the poultry world including health facilities, lack of investment, and outbreak of diseases, poor farming measures, lack of equipment and most importantly the need for more extensive scientific researches. The developing countries which are going to be of central focus here are Nigeria, Sudan, Egypt, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Iraq, Kenya, India and Philippines.
Poultry Production in Nigeria and Kenya
Just like all other countries, poultry is now one of the most important sectors for Nigeria and Kenya not only in terms of economy, but also in terms of fulfilling the needs of the people. In addition to offering a good source of protein and meat to the people, there are also a number of farmers that are earning a lot from the sector. But it is also a fact that there is a lack of high tech farms and poultry production houses in these countries. Still a lot needs to be done for the enhancement of the production, as the countries still import a lot of meat from other countries. Another major problem both of the countries face is a lack of coordination among the poultry sector with the government.
Poultry Farming in Sudan, Egypt and Iraq
Agriculture used to be primary source of income for Sudan due its large area, most of which was well suited for the domestication of the animals. Although the 1988 floods and a number of other factors did effectuate the poultry sectors, still Sudan has managed to increase its production. Poultry in Sudan as well as in Egypt was mainly carried out by the families and rural area residents. Both the countries are now focusing on the establishment of some more poultry houses and farms, for the purpose of which a number of breeds are also being exported to the region. On the other hand, Iraq presently offers a production of about 100 MT of red meat and chicken and about 1.2 million eggs on a yearly basis. Before 1950, the sector was only family based, but now it is marked for its commercial nature. Yes, in comparison to the past years when Iraq was not at war, the production was much more than it is now.
Poultry Farming in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh
Sri Lanka and Bangladesh have a great potential in terms of poultry production. Poultry plays a vital role in the economy for both of the countries. Although a number of commercial units have been launched, still some more production is needed for the sake of exporting as well as for the residents of the countries. In both the countries, the meat and egg consumption has increased in the past few years, which indeed poses new challenges to the governments of the two nations. The bird flu which had broken out in the year 2008 in Bangladesh had also effectuated the growth to a large level in this country. Till now the poultry sectors have not managed to outpace the influences of the diseases that had killed hundreds of people due to which a large amount of chicken meat had to be wasted. The governments of the countries had to kill thousands of birds for controlling the spread of the disease.
Poultry Farming in India, Philippines and Pakistan
India now seems to lead all other developing countries in terms of the poultry farms and production. For all the three countries, poultry is undoubtedly a major contributor towards the GDP. Moreover, all of them have taken an innovative approach towards the structure, but the one country that has managed to gain an edge in terms of poultry production is India. In the past few years, the poultry sector in Pakistan has faced a number of major losses. Furthermore, it has also lost a number of its meat markets to its prime competitor i.e. India. On the other hand, the chicken broiler sector in Philippines is the one which has shown a major growth. In lines to the most recent production surveys, the poultry production in the country has also increased for about 5 %. There is a potential for much more growth in all these countries for which a number of revolutionary measures need to be taken.The issues the countries face include ineffective poultry production policies, no control on the pricing formula, lack of foreign investment, non-strategic market practices, lack of proper feeds, insufficient scientific research and much more, all of which need to be dealt with pragmatism and planning.
What is Organic/non organic chicken its realities,requirements/ how organic chicken are grown
We all know about organic fruit and vegetables but did you know that you can now buy organic chicken?
People must have heard about the nasty conditions which broiler chickens – which are bred for their meat – are raised in? These chickens have no more floor space than a sheet of A4 paper. Chickens are over-fed to reach slaughter weight in six weeks, when it would normally take four months.
Modem intensive systems of poultry production have produced cheap meat for the consumer – but at a price. Inside the intensive chicken houses, which are appearing in increasing numbers in the countryside, up to 40,000 birds are crammed, at 2 birds to the square foot, into a single windowless building, with almost continuous low levels of artificial light, they are then given drugs to speed up their rate of growth. Keeping so many animals packed together in such a stressful environment can only contribute to their rates of infection. It seems logical that the Chinese flu infections that we were seeing transmitted to humans comes from this same intensive farming. It isnt necessary to produce food in this way.
Organic farmers do a number of things to ensure that chickens are reared as naturally as possible. For starters, antibiotic growth promoters cannot be used but sick organic birds must be treated with appropriate veterinary medicine, so they can be given antibiotics if theyre very poorly. But they cannot be given drugs on a regular and routine basis, something that almost all non-organic poultry have to endure. Organic poultry is reared on a specially formulated feed containing only cereals, vegetable protein, a small amount of fish meal, and a vitamin/mineral supplement. These chickens are often guaranteed to be fed on feed which is free from genetically modified feedstuffs (GMOs). To be fully organic, chickens must be fed a diet containing grain which has been grown organically, without artificial fertilisers or sprays. Such feed is expensive, and therefore organic chicken is more expensive as well.
Also, on Soil Association registered farms, the number of chickens housed in a single shed is restricted to 1,000. A non-organic intensive chicken farm may have as many as 40,000 in the same shed. Organic birds are kept free-range, having continuous daytime access to clean pasture, except in adverse weather. Non-organic birds are almost always locked up night and day.
In addition, the Soil Association insists on full and clear labeling of processed chicken products. They are able to trace back to the farm all ingredients used in any Soil Association chicken products. Their organic certification standards state that food must undergo as little processing as is practical.
Organic standards are legally binding. All organic businesses must be licensed by law, and are fully inspected at least once a year. So if you want to see for yourself how organic animals are reared, why not visit an organic farm?
Davinos Greeno works for the organic directory This green directory lists 100s of Organic Food and Drink Companies and Eco Jobs and Community Videos
Fundamentals of Pastured Poultry System
Pasture poultry can be defined as a mechanism or method of raising poultry for the purpose of meat, pastured eggs or just for pleasure by making use of some pasture management system. No matter which form of poultry system you plan to use, you would initially begin by bringing up the chickens making use of the conventional methods and then slowly move to the top three modern pasture systems, details about which would be given below. But before we go to these systems, there are some benefits which should be pondered about the use of the pastured poultry in different settings for raising chicken on pasture or for grass fed chicken.
Benefits
The major benefit of these systems is the low levels of capital investment required for carrying out the job. In other words, most of the people are able to launch such systems with minimum amounts of investment, but for better results it is always better to make use of the advanced modes of raising chickens. Secondly, the production systems initially appears to be small, but if you are able to carry out the production in a more strategic manner, then indeed the business will grow by leaps and bounds. Other benefits include a chance and potential for some extra income, an increase in the fertility levels of the soil and a strong demand from the side of the consumers who would be in search of the conventional as well as modern pastured fed chicken.
The Chicken Tractor System
It is the most common system that is used for the purpose of raising pastured chicken. The birds that are brought to use in this system are mostly the ones with the age range of about 3 to 5 weeks. Furthermore, the pens used for this purpose are called chicken tractor. These special floor less pens are moved for once or twice on a daily basis for the sake of giving access to the birds to the fresh vegetation that surrounds them at all times. There are also some high levels of researches and scientific evidences that have pointed out the various advantages and merits of making use of this system.
Day Ranging System
In this system, the birds are settled in yards for the time being only and by making use of a semi-permanent pen. In order to offer them with an opportunity to roam in the surroundings they are opened once or two times per week. Moreover, some of the easiest electro netting mechanisms and systems are brought to use here. The netting is manufactured by different companies for the purpose of offering the pasturing chickens with some electrification around them which can come in handy in terms of safety for the animals and for a number of different reasons.
Free Ranging System
Here we have another system that allows the birds to move around freely in quite an open environment. But in the evening there is a place where the birds are retuned regularly. The system is high common in terms of being used for the egg type chickens and birds. You would be easily able to make this system on your own. For example, you can make use of some old cotton vehicle or wagon for the purpose of converting it into a coop so that the birds may return to it for laying eggs and during the evening time.
Pen Designs
In almost all of the system, a number of pen designs are used. You can make use of different designs that are now widely available in the pasture poultry markets. But at the time of selecting a specific design you should consider a number of factors and dimensions which include:
- Mobility: Always select the design that is easy to be moved from time to time.
- Durability: The pen design you select must be able to endure all forms of weather changes that take place from time to time, as it is vital for the health of the animals.
- Access: Always ensure that the design offers the maximum levels of access to you at times when you need to carry out different chores.
- Cost/Construction: You can find some inexpensive materials in order to put the pen together.
- Protection: The prime disadvantage of the chicken pasture system is the threat that the predators and other animals pose to the chickens, for which it is best that you go with a design that is strong and efficient in offering some resistance to such attacks.
Breeds of Chicken
The breeds of the birds and chickens also help you in knowing about the pasture poultry system that would come to be of the most use. For example if you are in the process of raising chickens for the sake of meat, then the commercial and related types of meat strains would be the best. Other breeds like Rhode Island Reds and some others can be used at the smaller farms. So, it is always best to use the system that is best suited for the type of pastured raise chicken you plan to accommodate.
Pre-Feasibility Study Environmentally Controlled Poultry Farm (30,000 Birds) in Pakistan
The poultry farm is one of the most crucial components of the livestock sector. On a daily basis, millions of day old chicks are feed on high diet proteins all over the country. Furthermore, there are a number of reasons for which the white meat is now being preferred over the red meat. In addition to being comparatively cheaper to the red meat, the consumption of this form of meat is also increasing, the prime reason for which can be based on health consciousness in the people. The broiler birds raised on these farms are sold to the whole sellers and retailers all over the country, who sale it on specified rates.
Growing Modes of Opportunity-The Growth Rationale
The poultry meat consumption in the country seems to be growing on a rapid pace of 4 % yearly according to the most recent agricultural statistics. But much needs to be done for the development of the sector, so that the people might be able to increase their daily protein consumption patterns which now seem to be much less than the required amounts.
Project Cost
So, when it comes to starting a poultry farm, you might need to get hold of a poultry guide. If not, thenit is best that you make use of this article. For undergoing a poultry shed construction with a capacity of 30,000 birds, you would be required to make use of a number of different strategies and mechanisms. For rearing these large numbers of birds, you would need to make an investment of around 10.5 million PKR including the cost of the machinery and the required pre-requisites.
Proposed Capacity
All the specified calculations mentioned in this one of a kind feasibility study are based on the flock size of 30,000 birds. Control shed poultry farming in Pakistan can indeed be a profitable business for you if you are able to follow some set guidelines with a great deal of innovation. There are a large numbers of poultry farms in Pakistan that are now able to generate a great deal of revenue, all because of the use of advanced farming measures.
Current Dynamics and Poultry Structure
The importance of production and birth line in poultry farming is something you should keep in mind at the time of setting up a control shed in Pakistan. For those who have limited information in this regard, the famers first pursue the hatchers for getting hold on some day old chicks which they would be able to rear. These hatcheries get hold of the eggs from the breeder farms which in return charge them with a set amount. The feed mix mechanism used in poultry farming is determined the poultry feed mills, which also happen to be the key player in the sector. These feeds include a number of ingredients rich in protein and other necessary nutrients like blood meal, soya bean, grains and gluten. Now here, the feed cost accounts for the total production cost.
Contribution to the economy of Pakistan
The poultry sector is now on the second number, especially when it comes to the economy of the country. The investment which has been made in the sector has been estimated to be nearly 70 million PKR. The sector is made up of
- 280 hatcheries
- 139 feeding mills
- 20000 layers, breeding and other broiler farms
- Millions of chickens and chicks
On an annual basis, the poultry industry is importing more than 100,000 grandparents from countries like Holland, USA, China and Germany. These grandparents in return contribute towards the production 500 million commercial broilers. These broilers in return are providing 450,000 metric tons of the poultry meat. Now this shows the importance of the poultry meat in the provision of animal protein for the whole country. But there are a number of other factors that have undermined its growth. These factors include:
- Extreme changes in the weather
- Poor farming and management practices
- Rise in the mortality rate
- Economical downfall
- Lack of investment
- Various outbreaks that result from time to time
Commercial chicken houses and controlled sheds can provide the solution to this hazardous situation. The commercial poultry houses should also be due attention towards the wellbeing and health of the birds and other domesticated farms. All of the key players in poultry must work in collaboration with each other, so that the current dynamics and changes can be pacified and brought to be more balanced state. The heat stress is one of the most dangerous factors that have put the life of millions of people related to the sector at stake. As Pakistan is a tropical land, so the heat might reach to some intense temperatures in times of summer. The poultry business is effectuated negatively in times of the extreme weather whether summer or winter. With an increased in the mortality rate during these times, a number of other health related changes and exposures are also witnessed in the poultry broiler house.
Comparative Analysis
A comparison between the levels of efficiency of environmentally controlled house (ECH) and the usual Open sided Houses and farms shows the former has an edge over all other modes of farming. It is due to the use of some advanced ventilation and heating systems, that the animals are better able to grow and evolve, leading to the enhancement of the production. Below are some of most appealing advantages of making use of prototype chicken broiler house.
- By making use of the ECH, the temperature can be maintained from 10 to 15C in comparison to the conventional farms.
- Managing the temperature fluctuations in a more effective way.
- Due to the rise in the temperatures the fluctuations might reduce the production of the broiler flocks which are nearly 4 to 5 in the conventional houses. On the other hand, 7 marketed flocks can be produced in making use of the ECH.
- Mortality rate is also 2 to 3 % lower in comparison to the COH.
- Usage of advanced feeding, drinking and ventilation systems has provided the solution to all the poor management practices.
- Consequently, a much more developed and a safer chicken poultry house.
- The production cost also tends to be around 35 PKR per kg in comparison to 40 PKR which is cost per kg in the conventional farms.
In the end it is recommended that you make use of a suitable land, developed electricity and water supply systems in order to get most out of your investment.
This is an abstract from smeda broiler farm pre feasibility study report for complete report
click here to view online pdf report